Text between **____** is new and/or replaces old text.
Text between [ ______ ] has been removed from new rule book
4.1 POWER
Models shall be powered by reciprocating or rotary piston internal combustion
engine(s) or electric motor(s) ** of any size and displacement. **
4.2 NOISE LIMIT
Word change from 96db to 94db over grass. (error correction)
4.3 WEIGHT AND SIZE
No model may weigh more than five (5) kilograms (11 pounds) gross, but excluding
fuel, ready for takeoff. **No model may have a wingspan or total length
longer than two (2) meters (78.74 inches). **
4.3.1 EXCEPTION (new rule)
In the Novice Class, any AMA legal weight aircraft (less than 55 pounds,
with fuel) with any wingspan or length may be used.
6.4 Word change from [ landing circle] to ** landing zone. **
8.2.5 There is no mandatory advancement into FAI from the Masters class.
** Contestants may enter their current AMA class or the FAI class at any
contest but not both. **
10.2 Each competitor is entitled to one (1) attempt for each official flight.
An attempt may be repeated at the judges' discretion only if, for some unforeseen
reason, the model fails to make a start (i.e., safety delay due to other
aircraft traffic, etc.). ** Similarly, an attempt may be repeated at the
discretion of the Contest Director if it has been interrupted due to a circumstance
beyond the control of the competitor, but only the maneuver affected and
the unscored maneuvers that follow will be scored. The Contest Director
**..........
14.1 This orientation, or Direction of flight shall be determined by the
direction of takeoff and landing. ** The direction is the pilot's choice
and shall be announce to the judges prior to takeoff **. In all.......
18 MASTERS PATTERN MANEUVERS (new sequence. see page #68)
20.7 Word change from [Event Director] to ** Contest Director **
JUDGES GUIDE
B. PRINCIPLES 4.C (3rd paragraph)
......making an altitude correction. ** Unscored turnarounds, of course,
may be used to position the aircraft in any manner required. **
E DESCRIPTION OF MANEUVERS
Therefore, entry and exit altitude need not be the same if the pilot is
making an altitude correction. [ The downgrade should be taken on the previous
out-of-position maneuver.]
LINES
All aerobatic maneuvers are started and ended by a horizontal line. **When
no line is flown between two (2) scored maneuvers, the upcoming maneuver
should be downgraded by two (2) points. **
LINES (2nd paragraph)
unequal or misrelated lines should be downgraded according to the severity
of the defect. ** One (1) point is subtracted for a reasonable difference.
If there is a complete absence of a line before of after the roll, two (2)
points are subtracted. **
LINES (3rd paragraph)
Whenever a type of roll is placed on a line, the length of line before and
after the roll must be equal. **If there is a minor misrelation, one (1)
point is subtracted; more points are subtracted for greater defects. **
LOOPS (2nd paragraph)
Partial loops flown as part of the same maneuver must have identical radii.
** A slight difference in radius should downgrade the maneuver by on (1)
point, while a more sever difference may downgrade it by two (2) or three
(3) points. ** ....Each angular jerk or segmentation should be considered
as a separated defect ** and each defect should downgrade the maneuver by
one (1) point. **
ROLLS #1
Roll rate must be constant. **small variations in roll rate should be downgraded
by 1 point, while more sever variations receive heavier downgrades. **
STALL TURNS #5
.....more than on and one-half (1-1/2) wingspan should be considered a major
defect ** and be downgraded by at least two (2) points.**
STALL TURNS #6 (new downgrade)
**If the model shows a pendulum movement after the pivot, the maneuver is
downgraded by one (1) point. **
SPINS #2
An error of more than **160 degrees** in either.......
LOOP/ROLL COMBINATIONS (new category description. see page #72)
AVALANCHE, UPRIGHT OR INVERTED (added downgrade #6)
6. Over or under rotation of the snap roll, One point per 15 degree rule.
BUNT, HALF ROLL OUT (new maneuver, description and downgrades. see page
#73)
COBRA ROLL WITH HALF ROLLS UP AND DOWN (added downgrade #5)
5. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
COBRA ROLL WITH QUARTER ROLLS UP AND DOWN **!!!INCORRECT DESCRIPTION!!!**
(see page #73)
DESCRIPTION SHOULD READ:
Model pulls up to and executes one-eight (1/8) loop to a 45 degree climb,
hesitates, performs two-of-4-point roll to inverted, hesitates, performs
one-quarter (1/4) loop into a 45 degree dive, hesitates, performs two-of-4-point
roll to upright, hesitates, then recovers with one-eight (1/8) loop to level
flight.
CUBAN EIGHT **WITH ROLLS (HALF OR FULL)** (new maneuver description. see
page #73)
DOUBLE IMMELMANN (new description, added downgrade #6. see page #73)
6. Roll rates not equal.
DOUBLE IMMELMANN WITH FULL ROLLS (add downgrades #4 and #5. see page #74)
4. Rolls are executed before model is level.
5. Roll rates not equal.
DOUBLE STALL TURN (new description, changed downgrade #3, added downgrades
#10 and #11)
3. Loop segments not round with same size and radius
10. Vertical segments not equal.
11. Pendulum movement after turns.
FIGURE M WITH **1/4,** 1/2 OR 3/4 ROLLS (new description, changed downgrade
#3, added #5-7)
3. model does not execute prescribed rolls.
5. Bottom of outside half loop not at same altitude as entry and exit
6. loop segments not the same size and radius.
7. Pendulum movement after stalls.
FOUR-POINT ROLL
1. One-quarter rolls **more or** less than 90 degrees.
HALF CUBAN EIGHT (new description. see page #74)
HALF LOOP
Model pulls up and **executes one-half (1/2) ** inside loop to recover in
level inverted flight **in the opposite direction as entry.**
HALF REV. CUBAN EIGHT (new description, new downgrades #1-3)
1. Loop segments not round with the same size and radius
2. Model not at 45 degrees before and after half roll.
3. Changes in heading in loop segments or after half roll.
HALF SQUARE LOOP WITH **OR WITHOUT** ROLLS (new description, changed downgrades
#1 and #2, added downgrades #4-7. see page #75)
1. corner loop segments not of equal radius.
2. Model not vertical before and after prescribed roll.
4. Changes in heading in loop segments or during roll.
5. Roll rate not constant.
6. Up line track not vertical.
7. Quarter loops not same radius.
HUMPTY BUMP WITH OPTIONS **!!!DESCRIPTION NOT CORRECT!!!** (added downgrades
#5 and #6. see page #75)
DESCRIPTION TO READ:
Model executes one-quarter (1/4) loop to vertical, hesitates, rolls (half
or quarter), hesitates, pushes or pulls through one-half (1/2) loop to vertical
down line, hesitates, (executes one-quarter roll if one was down on up-line),
then recovers with one-quarter (1/4) loop to level flight in opposite direction
as the entry.
5. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
6. If optional one-quarter (1/4) roll is used, one half (1/2) loop not 90
degrees to the flight line.
IMMELMANN TURN (added downgrades #8 and #9. see page #75)
The model starts the immelmann flying straight and level, pulls up into
one-half (1/2 loop **immediately** followed by **one-half (1/2) roll** and
finishes flying straight and level exactly 180 degrees from the heading
at entry.
8. Half loop not round.
9. In Novice class and sportsman class, maneuver does not start at center
line.
ONE HORIZONTAL ROLL (new description, added downgrades #1-4. see page #76)
PULL-PUSH HUMPTY BUMP, HALF ROLL DOWN (new maneuver, description, and downgrades.
see page #76)
PUSH-PULL HUMPTY BUMP, 1/2 ROLL DOWN, 2/4 UP (new maneuver, description,
and downgrades. see page #76)
QUARTER-HALF-QUARTER ROLL (new maneuver, description, and downgrades. see
page #76)
REVERSE CUBAN EIGHT (new description, added downgrade #4. see page #76)
4. Rolls not centered in the 45 degree lines and on each other.
SIX-SIDED OUTSIDE LOOP (added downgrade #6)
6. all corners not the same radius.
SPIN, ANY NUMBER OF ROTATIONS, UPRIGHT OR INVERTED (added downgrade #5.
see page #77)
Model establishes a heading in level upright or inverted flight, power is
reduced and the **track is maintained by holding the model in a ** nose
high attitude until it stalls and commences to spin. The model will auto
rotate through required number of rotations, pause in a nose down attitude,
then pull or push ** through one-quarter (1/4) loop ** to recover in level
flight at a lower attitude. **One-half (1/2) ** roll may be required to
return to upright flight.
5. over or under rotation, one point per 15 degree rule.
SQUARE LOOP WITH ONE-HALF (1/2) ROLLS (new description. see page #78)
STALL TURN WITH OR WITHOUT ROLL(S) (new description, added downgrade #8.
see page #78)
8. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
STRAIGHT FLIGHT BACK ( see page #78)
Immediately after the **half reverse Cuban eight** the model......
STRAIGHT FLIGHT OUT (see page #78)
......on the judges before starting the **half reverse Cuban eight.**
STRAIGHT INVERTED FLIGHT (new description, added downgrade #4. see page
#78)
4. Path not parallel to the flight line.
TOP HAT (new description, added downgrades #6-8. see page #78)
6. Vertical and horizontal legs not equal.
7. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
8. Entry and exit altitude not the same.
TOP HAT WITH 1/4 ROLLS UPTIGHT AND INVERTED EXIT (new description, added
downgrades #4 and #5. see page #79)
4. Rolls not centered on line segments.
5. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
TRIANGLE ROLLING LOOP.(new description, added downgrade #7. see page #79)
7. Loop segments not round with same size and radius.
TRIANGLE SNAP LOOP (new maneuver, description, and downgrades. see page
#79)
TWO ROLLS IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS (new maneuver, description, and downgrades.
see page #80)
VERTICAL EIGHT FROM THE MIDDLE, PILOT'S OPTION (new maneuver, description,
and downgrades. see page #80
* Precision
Aerobatics * Back to K-FACTOR